In this context, the main modeling approaches encompass box, Gaussian, Lagrangian, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, with the Gaussian modeling approach having the most widespread use in regulatory contexts. Also, the model was found to be significantly sensitive to the input emission factor bringing into light the deficiency in regulatory compliance modeling which often uses internationally reported emission factors without testing their applicability.Ītmospheric dispersion modeling is commonly applied for air quality assessment and for testing the effectiveness of management options prior to their implementation and providing forecasts of future air quality under various “what if” scenarios ( El-Fadel et al., 2009). However, median ratios of predicted to observed concentrations “Cp/Co” at variable downstream distances were 0.01, 0.36, 0.76 and 0.19 for NO X, CO, PM 10 and SO 2, respectively, and the fraction of predictions within a factor of two of observations “FAC2” values were lower than 0.5, indicating that the model could not adequately replicate all observed variations in emittant concentrations. The model performance was deemed satisfactory for several scenarios when receptors were located at downwind sites with index of agreement d values reaching 0.58, fractional bias “FB” and geometric mean bias “MG” values approaching 0 and 1, respectively, and normalized mean square error “NMSE” values as low as 2.17. Best emission factors and data groupings based on receptor location, type of terrain and wind speed, were relied upon to examine model performance using statistical analyses of simulated and observed data. In this paper, the Gaussian Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling System (ADMS4) was coupled with field observations of surface meteorology and concentrations of several air quality indicators (nitrogen oxides (NO X), carbon monoxide (CO), fine particulate matter (PM 10) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2)) to test the applicability of source emission factors set by the European Environment Agency (EEA) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) at an industrial complex.
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